Santiago Tazón
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¡QUÉ BONITO ES PRESENTAR UN ACUERDO DE PAZ JUSTO ANTES DE LAS ELECCIONES!
19.03.10 @ 18:26:33. Archivado en Sudán
Omar Al Bashir pretende vender un acuerdo de paz para Darfur como plataforma para su continuidad presidencial. Acuciado por las prisas de última hora (las elecciones son ya el mes que viene) se ha tenido que conformar con pactar en Doha con un pequeño grupo rebelde poco representativo de la realidad rebelde de Darfur.
El Gobierno de Sudán ha firmado ayer en Doha (Qatar) un acuerdo con el pequeño grupo rebelde LJM (Liberation and Justice Movement) [Movimiento Liberación y Justicia].
El LJM está dirigido por El-Tijani El-Sissi de la tribu Fur. Es un grupo rebelde que aunque mantiene buenas relaciones con Libia, tiene escasos apoyos entre los habitantes de Darfur y escasa implantación sobre el terreno.
El Gobierno ha querido firmar este acuerdo y darle la máxima difusión para utilizarlo políticamente de cara a las próximas elecciones presidenciales en Sudán.
El acuerdo supone también una invitación al JEM (Justice and Equality Movement) [Movimiento Justicia e Igualdad] - dirigido por Khalil Ibrahim, hasta hace poco amparado por Eritrea y mucho más implantado- a firmar un acuerdo similar. Actualmente el JEM mantiene hace unos meses una situación de tregua.
Tenemos ya un borrador del acuerdo...pero no se ha firmado.
TRADUCCION (AL INGLES) NO OFICIAL QUE HIZO PUBLICA LA SUNA (Sudan News Agency) :
A framework agreement for the resolution of the conflict in Darfur between the Government of the Sudan and the Sudanese Justice and Equality Movement (JEM)
A prelude:
The Government of the Sudan and the Justice and Equality Movement, within their serious commitment to reach a lasting solution to the conflict in Darfur
Convinced about the urgent need to reach a comprehensive peace agreement that will put an end to the tragedy in Darfur
Crowning huge efforts that the leadership of Qatar has been exerting, with a generous supervision of highness sheikh Hamad Bin Khalifa Al thani the Emir of Qatar
reinforcing the good joint international mediation efforts, and in accordance with the principles and charters of the United nations and the charters of the African Union and the Arab league and the Cen Sad countries relative to the resolution of the conflict by peaceful means
Keen on the need to realize a just and lasting peace all over the Sudanese territories, and in Darfur in particular and to preserve the unity of the Sudan
Desirous to work together for a balanced development for the Sudanese nation based on the diversity and the particularity of the various Sudanese regions and for security the social and economic progress for all and the full practice of the basic fundamental freedoms based on equality between the citizens based on
Taking into consideration the Interim Constitution of the Government of the Sudan and the Comprehensive Peace Agreement signed in Naivasha, in January 2005, the good will accord and the Confidence Building Agreement for the Settlement of Darfur Question signed in Doha between the Government of National Unity and the Sudanese Justice and Equality Movement on the 17th of Feb 2009
Convinced with the clear need of the Government of Sudan and of the Justice and Equality Movement The Government of the Sudan and the Sudanese Justice and Equality Movement have agreed on the following Article 1 Declare a ceasefire and engage immediately into negotiations for agreement on its application Article 2
Issue a general amnesty on members of the Sudanese justice and equality movement and on the civilians and military men and release all war prisoners and convicted on both sides after the signing of this agreementArticle 3
The participation of the Justice and Equality Movement in all levels of the government in accordance with the method and be agreed upon by the two parties
Article 4
The Justice and Equality Movement change into a political party immediately after the signing of a final and comprehensive agreement
Article 5
Inclusion of the forces of justice and equality movement into the Armed forces, the security forces, and the united police force, according to what the two sides agree upon and this procedure will be preceded by assembly and training of those forces in sites according to the mechanisms and the methods to be agreed upon by the two sides
Article 6
The Government of Sudan shall be responsible for all the costs needed during the assembly and the training of the forces of the Sudanese Justice and Equality Movement
Article 7
All members dismissed military and civilians of the justice and equality movement shall be restored to service and will be placed with their peer in a way to be agreed upon by the two sides
Article 8
The government of the Sudan shall be committed to compensate the internally displaced persons and the refugees and all the persons affected because of the conflict in Darfur, in an equitable manner, and the government shall be committed to ensure the right for voluntary return of all the internally displaced persons, and the refugees to their original home areas and shall be committed to establish the services institutions and the infrastructures that would secure a decent life for them
Article 9
The issue of the administrative reorganization of Darfur shall be submitted to negotiations between the two sides to reach a final agreement therein
Article 10
The issue of wealth division shall be subjected to further negotiations between the two parties for reaching a final agreement, equally the question of the lands and the Hawakeer and any other issues for realization of peace, that the two parties see necessary for completion of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement
Article 11 The implementation of this agreement is based on the good intents and the basis of the collective responsibilty and
political partnership in accordance with principles and the national issues that binds the two parties Article 12
The final agreement and the additional implementation protocols and the negotiations there in and the signatures shall take place in Doha prior to the 15th of March 2010 Written in the Qatari capital of Doha on the 23rd of February 2010
For the government of the Sudan: Dr Amin Hassan Omar, state Minister at the Ministry of Culture, Youth and Sorts
For the Sudanese justice and equality movement JEM Ahmed Mohamed Tugud Lissan, the secretary for the negotiations affairs and peace
Witnessed for the State of Qatar: Ahmed Bin Abdullah Al Mahmood, the state Minister for the Foreign Affair, member of the council of ministers
For the joint AU- UN mediation: Djibriel Basole, the Joint mediator
Y todavía quedará fuera de estos acuerdos varias facciones del que fue el movimiento rebelde principal en Darfur, el SLM (Sudan Liberation Movement) [Movimiento de Liberación de Sudán] . Una facción sí firmo un acuerdo y entre los que se negaron a firmar luego se subdividieron en dos:
El SLM-Nur facción dirigida por Abdel-Wahid Al-Nur pese a que éste reside en París.
El SLM-roadmap actualmente en proceso de unión con el JEM
Si se alcanzase un acuerdo "definitivo" con el JEM, eso si supondría pacificar Darfur y sería contemplado por la comunidad internacional como un logro importante, pero el acuerdo que nos presenta Bashir hoy sólo denota que no ha hecho los deberes y el se le hecha encima el examen final.
Además queda una cuestión no resuelta...¿como vota un país con cinco millones de refugiados desplazados de sus localidades ?
